Birds are known for their vibrant plumage, but their eye colors are equally important for their survival and reproductive success, according to a review of numerous studies.
Many bird species, such as the black-and-red-broadbill and the Satin bowerbird, have brightly colored eyes. The black-and-red-broadbill, for example, has sapphire blue or vivid emerald eyes, while the Satin bowerbird has irises of periwinkle and purple. Certain species of green pigeons also have magenta eyes.
The variation in eye color among birds is not just for aesthetic purposes. These colors serve important functions in their lives.
One possible reason for the variation in eye color is sexual selection. Brightly colored eyes may attract mates and signal genetic fitness, as they indicate good health and overall quality. Birds with more striking eye colors may have a competitive advantage in finding a partner and successfully reproducing.
Another possible factor influencing eye color is environmental adaptation. Birds with certain eye colors might be better suited to their specific habitats. For example, birds with lighter eye colors may excel in low-light conditions, while those with darker eye colors may have better visual acuity in bright environments.
The pigment melanin plays a crucial role in determining bird eye color. Different variations of melanin create a range of eye colors in birds, from light yellows and oranges to deep blues and purples.
Overall, the diversity in eye color among birds is not just a random occurrence but an important adaptation that contributes to their survival and reproductive success.
